Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• ) with a photosensitizer simultaneously, the efficiency of PDT is greatly improved [79]. To α-CyD, an S-nitrosothiol (–S–N=O) was conjugated, and another α-CyD was modified with chlorin e6 (a photosensitizer). These two modified α-CyDs were coassembled by adding a poly(ethylene glycol) derivative. Upon

• the entry of the resultant nanoparticles to cells, the S-nitrosothiol reacts with glutathione to release NO, which relieves hypoxia at tumor sites through NO-mediated blood vessel relaxation. Furthermore, the NO reacts with ROSs, generated by light-activation of chlorin e6, to form ONOO− and other

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• amino acids and metal ions. The amphiphilic amino acid 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-ʟ-leucine (Fmoc-ʟ-L) and Mn2+ were coordinated to encapsulate the hydrophobic photosensitive drug chlorin e6 (Ce6) into a supramolecular system to obtain Fmoc-ʟ-L/Mn2+/Ce6 nanoparticles (FMC NPs). Because of the strong

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• the global health care sector. There is an urgent need to develop noninvasive, nontoxic, and new antinosocomial approaches that work more effectively and faster than current antibiotics. In this work, we report on a biocompatible hybrid nanomaterial composed of few-layer graphene and chlorin e6 (FLG

• nanomaterial can be activated by a synergistic mechanism of energy transfer of the absorbed light from Ce6 to FLG. The novel FLG-Ce6 hybrid nanomaterial in combination with the red LED light irradiation can be used in the development of a wide range of antinosocomial devices and coatings. Keywords: chlorin e6

• visible spectra. An example of this is the porphyrin chlorin e6 (Ce6), which has been widely used as a photosensitizer in PDT [9][10][11][12][13]. One of the main drawbacks in the use of Ce6, and in general for any other organic photosensitizer materials, is the quenching after photoexcitation which

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

• introducing an imidazole functionality on a poly[(ethylene glycol)-co-(aspartic acid)] backbone. The imidazole group can act as a singlet oxygen scavenger, which will transform it into a urea moiety. Upon light excitation, the encapsulated chlorin-e6 produces ROS species and the urea formation induces a size

• order to make these systems work, the monomeric state of the photosensitizer has to be restored by a trigger. The first examples of this approach are enzymatically activated copolymers, mostly based on polylysine [83][84]. In these examples chlorin-e6 could be conjugated to the backbone thanks to

• chlorin-e6, an azobenzene group that can be cleaved at very low oxygen concentrations links the hydrophobic and the hydrophilic block. Upon irradiation and depletion of oxygen due to the PDT activity of chlorin-e6, the block copolymer nanovector disassembled and the anticancer drug, doxorubicin, was

The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• dual-functionalized GO for the photothermal enhancement of gene delivery [23]. Xiong et al. studied the synergistic effects of PEG-functionalized GO for chemo-photothermal therapy [24]. Tian et al. revealed that PEG-GO enhanced the uptake of chlorin e6 by cancer cells [25]. Shen et al. exploited the

Nanoparticle delivery to metastatic breast cancer cells by nanoengineered mesenchymal stem cells

• Liga Saulite,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 321–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.32

• , which could be sufficient time to release drugs into the tumour. The encapsulation of NP-linked anticancer drugs could ensure metered drug release in tumours [2]. QD linkage to photosensitisers, such as chlorin e6, causes damage to MiaPaCa2 cancer cells via light-induced cytotoxicity, demonstrating a

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• NPs and act synergistically [13][14]. QDs were also chosen for their applicability as resonant energy donors in photodynamic therapy. For example, the second-generation photosensitizer chlorin e6 has the absorption band at 654 nm and carboxyl QD655 would be excellent energy donors in such complexes

• . There were successful attempts to use a similar quantum dot–chlorin e6 complex in photodynamic cancer therapy [15]. Another study has shown that QDs, conjugated with antibodies against CD44, a marker of cancer stem-like cells, can be selectively engulfed by breast cancer cells [16]. Such surface

The influence of phthalocyanine aggregation in complexes with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the photophysical properties of the complexes

• Irina V. Martynenko,
• Anna O. Orlova,
• Vladimir G. Maslov,
• Anatoly V. Fedorov,
• Kevin Berwick and
• Alexander V. Baranov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.94

• PL of tetrapyrrole molecules [26]. In nonconjugated complexes of cysteamine-capped QDs and chlorin e6 additional channels of nonradiative energy dissipation in QDs and/or in chlorin e6 took place when the relative chlorin e6 concentration in the mixture was increased [19][27]. Aggregation of acceptor

Energy transfer in complexes of water-soluble quantum dots and chlorin e6 molecules in different environments

• Irina V. Martynenko,
• Anna O. Orlova,
• Vladimir G. Maslov,
• Alexander V. Baranov,
• Anatoly V. Fedorov and
• Mikhail Artemyev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 895–902, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.101

• University, Minsk, Belarus 10.3762/bjnano.4.101 Abstract The photoexcitation energy transfer is found and investigated in complexes of CdSe/ZnS cationic quantum dots and chlorin e6 molecules formed by covalent bonding and electrostatic interaction in aqueous solution and in porous track membranes. The

• quantum dots and chlorin e6 molecules form stable complexes that exhibit Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from quantum dots to chlorin e6 regardless of complex formation conditions. Competitive channels of photoexcitation energy dissipation in the complexes, which hamper the FRET process, were

• found and discussed. Keywords: chlorin e6; FRET; quantum dots; track membrane; Introduction During the last decade, photophysical properties of the complexes formed by colloidal quantum dots (QDs) and organic molecules, in particular, complexes of QDs and tetrapyrrole compounds, were widely